Seborrheic Dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) is a common skin disorder, most typically affecting areas that are rich in sebum glands – the scalp and face.  It is characterized by scaly, red, itchy skin. In infants, seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp is called cradle cap. Besides the scalp and face, seborrheic dermatitis can occur on the upper chest, back and other oily areas of the body. While not contagious or harmful, seborrheic dermatitis can be unattractive and uncomfortable.  The potent inflammatory response in these patients may lead to temporary or even permanent hair loss in severe cases.

Various factors have been linked to seborrheic dermatitis, though the definitive cause is not known. The yeast Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum ovale) is associated with the condition.  However, this yeast is present in unaffected individuals as well.  Genetic, environmental, hormonal, and immune-system factors seem to play a role and likely further predispose individuals to the condition.  Excessive vitamin A intake has been linked with seborrheic dermatitis in children.

Current therapies include shampoos containing coal tar, ciclopiroxolamine ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione.  For severe disease, keratolytics such as salicylic acid or coal tar preparations are sometimes used to remove scaling. Topical terbinafine solution and lotions containing alpha hydroxy acids or corticosteroids are used as well.  Chronic use of corticosteroids carries significant potential risks.   These therapies have their limitations and thus, there remains a clear need for a safe and effective product to treat the condition (www.aad.org).